Video drivers are up to date. I goofed around in windowed mode since my last post, and it didn't freeze, so it MAY be a workaround, but is it possible to change the size of the window, then? The box looks so awfully tiny in 1920x1080 on my 24" monitor.
Edit: I'll update this in case it freezes again in spite of windowed mode.
Edit2: Okay, found the .ini-file in appdata, and changed to my screen resolution. Hopefully it works as it should now
Edit3: Seems I'm not the only one with similar problems, but there's a fix.
Locate the .ini file in C:[user]\AppData\Local\Zachtronics Industries\Spacechem and edit the following:
fullscreen = True
windowbox = False
windowedfs = False
disableFBOs = True